Four Keys to Giving Clear Directions

1. Specific

Effective directions are precise and focused on manageable actions that students can easily follow. Rather than vague or general instructions, provide clear directives that target a specific behavior or task.

  • Example: Instead of saying “Improve your stance,” specify “Place your feet shoulder-width apart and bend your knees slightly.”

2. Concrete

Directions should involve actions that are straightforward and easily understood. Avoid abstract commands that might be open to interpretation. Clear, concrete instructions ensure that every student knows exactly what to do.

  • Example: Instead of “Pay attention,” say “Put your eyes on me.” If further clarification is needed, break it down: “Turn your body to face me. Look at me with your eyes. Listen with your ears. If you have a question, raise your hand.”

3. Sequential

Effective directions describe a clear sequence of actions. By outlining steps in a logical order, you help students understand how to perform the task and what to do next.

  • Example: For a student needing to get into proper position, say “John, first turn your body to face me. Next, look at me with your eyes. Finally, listen to my instructions with your ears.”

4. Observable

Ensure that your instructions involve actions that can be easily seen and assessed. This allows you to monitor compliance and correct any deviations promptly.

  • Example: Direct students to “Stand with your feet shoulder-width apart and hands at your sides.” This allows you to observe their stance and make adjustments as needed.

Differentiating Between Incompetence and Defiance

Understanding the difference between incompetence and defiance is crucial for effective classroom management.

  • Incompetence occurs when a student genuinely does not know how to follow the instructions. For example, if a student doesn’t understand the specific steps to “pay attention,” the issue is a lack of understanding.

  • Defiance happens when a student refuses to comply with clear and specific instructions. If a student is given clear, observable directions and chooses not to follow them, the issue may be defiance.

By applying these four keys—specific, concrete, sequential, and observable—you ensure that your instructions are clear and actionable. This approach not only improves student compliance but also helps in managing classroom behavior effectively.